Orchid: Image Latent Diffusion for Joint Appearance and Geometry Generation
About
We introduce Orchid, a unified latent diffusion model that learns a joint appearance-geometry prior to generate color, depth, and surface normal images in a single diffusion process. This unified approach is more efficient and coherent than current pipelines that use separate models for appearance and geometry. Orchid is versatile - it directly generates color, depth, and normal images from text, supports joint monocular depth and normal estimation with color-conditioned finetuning, and seamlessly inpaints large 3D regions by sampling from the joint distribution. It leverages a novel Variational Autoencoder (VAE) that jointly encodes RGB, relative depth, and surface normals into a shared latent space, combined with a latent diffusion model that denoises these latents. Our extensive experiments demonstrate that Orchid delivers competitive performance against SOTA task-specific methods for geometry prediction, even surpassing them in normal-prediction accuracy and depth-normal consistency. It also inpaints color-depth-normal images jointly, with more qualitative realism than existing multi-step methods.
Related benchmarks
| Task | Dataset | Result | Rank | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surface Normal Estimation | NYU V2 | Mean Angular Error15.2 | 96 | |
| Affine-invariant depth estimation | ETH3D | AbsRel7.3 | 71 | |
| Affine-invariant depth estimation | NYU V2 | AbsRel5.7 | 71 | |
| Affine-invariant depth estimation | ScanNet | AbsRel6.3 | 69 | |
| Surface Normal Estimation | iBIMS-1 | MAE16.3 | 67 | |
| Video Surface Normal Estimation | Sintel | Mean Angular Error31.7 | 32 | |
| Affine-invariant depth estimation | KITTI | AbsRel7.7 | 25 | |
| Surface Normal Estimation | ScanNet | Mean Error14.2 | 20 |