Spatial-TTT: Streaming Visual-based Spatial Intelligence with Test-Time Training
About
Humans perceive and understand real-world spaces through a stream of visual observations. Therefore, the ability to streamingly maintain and update spatial evidence from potentially unbounded video streams is essential for spatial intelligence. The core challenge is not simply longer context windows but how spatial information is selected, organized, and retained over time. In this paper, we propose Spatial-TTT towards streaming visual-based spatial intelligence with test-time training (TTT), which adapts a subset of parameters (fast weights) to capture and organize spatial evidence over long-horizon scene videos. Specifically, we design a hybrid architecture and adopt large-chunk updates parallel with sliding-window attention for efficient spatial video processing. To further promote spatial awareness, we introduce a spatial-predictive mechanism applied to TTT layers with 3D spatiotemporal convolution, which encourages the model to capture geometric correspondence and temporal continuity across frames. Beyond architecture design, we construct a dataset with dense 3D spatial descriptions, which guides the model to update its fast weights to memorize and organize global 3D spatial signals in a structured manner. Extensive experiments demonstrate that Spatial-TTT improves long-horizon spatial understanding and achieves state-of-the-art performance on video spatial benchmarks. Project page: https://liuff19.github.io/Spatial-TTT.
Related benchmarks
| Task | Dataset | Result | Rank | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spatial Reasoning | VSI-Bench | Avg Score64.4 | 192 | |
| Object Counting | VSI-SUPER-Count 10min | Mean Recall Accuracy (MRA)31.8 | 5 | |
| Object Counting | VSI-SUPER-Count 30min | Mean Recall Accuracy (MRA)45.6 | 5 | |
| Object Counting | VSI-SUPER-Count 60min | Mean Recall Accuracy (MRA)36.2 | 5 | |
| Object Counting | VSI-SUPER-Count 120min | Mean Recall Accuracy (MRA)38.4 | 5 | |
| Temporal order recall | VSI-SUPER-Recall 120min | Accuracy (ACC)30 | 5 | |
| Temporal order recall | VSI-SUPER-Recall 10min | Accuracy (ACC)38.3 | 5 | |
| Temporal order recall | VSI-SUPER-Recall 30min | Accuracy35 | 5 | |
| Temporal order recall | VSI-SUPER-Recall 60min | Accuracy (ACC)28.3 | 5 |