Share your thoughts, 1 month free Claude Pro on usSee more
WorkDL logo mark

River-LLM: Large Language Model Seamless Exit Based on KV Share

About

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance across diverse domains but are increasingly constrained by high inference latency. Early Exit has emerged as a promising solution to accelerate inference by dynamically bypassing redundant layers. However, in decoder-only architectures, the efficiency of Early Exit is severely bottlenecked by the KV Cache Absence problem, where skipped layers fail to provide the necessary historical states for subsequent tokens. Existing solutions, such as recomputation or masking, either introduce significant latency overhead or incur severe precision loss, failing to bridge the gap between theoretical layer reduction and practical wall-clock speedup. In this paper, we propose River-LLM, a training-free framework that enables seamless token-level Early Exit. River-LLM introduces a lightweight KV-Shared Exit River that allows the backbone's missing KV cache to be naturally generated and preserved during the exit process, eliminating the need for costly recovery operations. Furthermore, we utilize state transition similarity within decoder blocks to predict cumulative KV errors and guide precise exit decisions. Extensive experiments on mathematical reasoning and code generation tasks demonstrate that River-LLM achieves 1.53 to 2.16 times of practical speedup while maintaining high generation quality.

Yingtao Shen, An Zou• 2026

Related benchmarks

TaskDatasetResultRank
Code GenerationHumanEval
Accuracy63.1
115
Question AnsweringARC-E
Accuracy82
21
Multi-task Language UnderstandingMMLU
Accuracy72.7
15
Commonsense ReasoningHellaSwag
Accuracy58.6
12
Mathematical ReasoningGSM8K
Accuracy75.6
6
Mathematical ReasoningMATH
Accuracy26.6
6
MathematicsMATH
Accuracy46.6
6
Multitask Language UnderstandingMMLU
MMLU Accuracy67.4
6
Question AnsweringARC-C
Accuracy51.2
6
Question AnsweringBoolQ
Accuracy85.4
6
Showing 10 of 12 rows

Other info

Follow for update