X-Imitator: Spatial-Aware Imitation Learning via Bidirectional Action-Pose Interaction
About
Effectively handling the interplay between spatial perception and action generation remains a critical bottleneck in robotic manipulation. Existing methods typically treat spatial perception and action execution as decoupled or strictly unidirectional processes, fundamentally restricting a robot's ability to master complex manipulation tasks. To address this, we propose X-Imitator, a versatile dual-path framework that models spatial perception and action execution as a tightly coupled bidirectional loop. By reciprocally conditioning current pose predictions on past actions and vice versa, this framework enables continuous mutual refinement between spatial reasoning and action generation. This joint modeling exactly mimics human internal forward models. Designed as a modular architecture, the system can be seamlessly integrated into various visuomotor policies. Extensive experiments across 24 simulated and 3 real-world tasks demonstrate that our framework significantly outperforms both vanilla policies and prior methods utilizing explicit pose guidance. The code will be open sourced.
Related benchmarks
| Task | Dataset | Result | Rank | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Robot Manipulation | MetaWorld, Adroit, and Dexart Combined | Average Success Rate63.8 | 25 | |
| Robotic Arm Manipulation | MetaWorld Very Hard | Success Rate66.6 | 21 | |
| Robot Manipulation | DexArt | Success Rate59.4 | 20 | |
| Robotic Manipulation Simulation | Adroit | Success Rate71.4 | 6 | |
| Robotic Manipulation Simulation | MetaWorld hard | Success Rate57.7 | 6 | |
| Simulated Robotic Manipulation | RoboTwin 2.0 | Hammer Success Rate92 | 6 | |
| Robot Manipulation | Hang Mug Real-world | Grasp Success Rate100 | 2 | |
| Robot Manipulation | Pour Balls (Real-world) | Grasp Success Rate100 | 2 | |
| Robot Manipulation | Arrange Toy Truck (Real-world) | Grasp Success Rate100 | 2 |