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Pepper: High-bandwidth and Scalable Anonymous Broadcast with Cryptographic Privacy

About

We present Pepper, a high-bandwidth anonymous broadcast protocol that provides cryptographic sender anonymity against global adversaries. Pepper builds on a two-server DC-net architecture but introduces three key innovations: a self-contained anonymous registration subprotocol using verifiable distributed point functions, support for batch messaging via distributed multi-point functions, and a lightweight access control mechanism based on secret-shared proofs. Unlike prior systems, Pepper eliminates the need for external dialing services and allows each broadcaster to send multiple messages per epoch with a single audit, significantly improving throughput for large data transfers. Our implementation demonstrates that Pepper achieves millisecond-level registration audits, scales efficiently to thousands of channels, and delivers 1.2--20$\times$ higher effective messaging rates than state-of-the-art alternatives. Furthermore, Pepper is designed for practical deployment, with natural compatibility for co-deployment alongside Tor and federated social networks.

Chenghao Li, Haoyuan Wang, Xianghang Mi• 2026

Related benchmarks

TaskDatasetResultRank
End-to-end file transmission1 MB file
Average Latency11.42
3
End-to-end file transmission10 MB file
Average Latency (h)1.79
3
End-to-end file transmission100 MB file
Average Latency (h)10.2
3
Communication Cost AnalysisMessaging Protocol
Proof Message Size (Client->Server) [bytes]1.95e+3
3
End-to-end file transmission100 KB file
Average Latency33.18
3
Communication Cost AnalysisRegistration Protocol
Key Exchange Size (client->server) [bytes]262
3
Anonymous BroadcastCentralized DC-net--
1
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