Reinforcement Learning from Rich Feedback with Distributional DAgger
About
Reasoning models have advanced rapidly, but the dominant reinforcement learning from verifiable rewards (RLVR) recipe remains surprisingly narrow: sample many responses and reward each with a single bit indicating whether the final answer is correct. Yet many settings provide rich feedback, including execution traces, tool outputs, expert corrections, and model self-evaluations. We study how to use such feedback through a distributional variant of the classic imitation learning algorithm DAgger, where the learner has local access to an expert distribution on states visited by the current policy. This yields a simple forward cross-entropy objective that admits a blackbox expert and whose sequence-level gradient {conduct rich credit assignment by propagating} future expert-student disagreement back to earlier decisions. We show that prior RL with self-distillation objectives based on reverse KL or Jensen-Shannon fail to guarantee monotonic policy improvement: even when the expert has higher reward, their updates may increase probability on worse actions. In contrast, we show that forward cross-entropy admits monotonic policy improvement and enjoys guarantees on regret. We further show that our objective optimizes a lower bound on teacher-weighted likelihood of success, leading to improved Pass@N. Empirically, our approach, DistIL, improves over RLVR and RL with self-distillation baselines across a variety of domains: scientific reasoning, coding, and solving hard mathematical problems.
Related benchmarks
| Task | Dataset | Result | Rank | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scientific Reasoning | Biology | Avg@1666.6 | 24 | |
| Scientific Reasoning | SciKnowEval L3 | Chemistry Score81 | 18 | |
| Mathematical Reasoning | AIME 25 | Avg Score (AIME 25)71.1 | 12 | |
| Mathematical Reasoning | HMMT25 | Average Score46.4 | 12 | |
| Mathematical Reasoning | AMC 23 | Average Score96.6 | 12 | |
| Mathematical Reasoning | Minerva | Average Score49.5 | 12 | |
| Mathematical Reasoning | AIME24 | Average Score76.4 | 12 | |
| Reasoning | Reasoning Benchmarks Biology, Chemistry, Material, Physics, Tool Use | Biology Accuracy55.3 | 11 | |
| Scientific Reasoning | Physics | Accuracy80.8 | 10 | |
| Scientific Reasoning | Chemistry | Accuracy80.8 | 10 |