Share your thoughts, 1 month free Claude Pro on usSee more
WorkDL logo mark

BaseRT: Best-in-Class LLM Inference on Apple Silicon via Native Metal

About

We present BaseRT, a native Metal inference runtime for large language models (LLMs) on Apple Silicon, and report the highest inference throughput on this hardware to date. Existing runtimes, including llama.cpp and MLX-based frameworks, incur overhead from abstractions not designed for Metal's execution model or Apple Silicon's unified memory topology. By building natively on Metal with chip-specific kernel fusion, unified memory-aware optimisation, and custom dispatch logic, BaseRT recovers performance that framework-based approaches leave on the table. BaseRT supports a wide range of model families across eight quantisation formats (Q2 to FP16) on all Apple M-series devices. In this paper, we evaluate the Qwen3, Llama 3.2, and Gemma 4 families at Q4 and Q8 quantisation on M3 and M4 Pro devices. BaseRT achieves up to 1.56x higher decode throughput than llama.cpp and up to 1.35x higher than MLX, with substantially larger margins on prefill for mixture-of-experts models, delivering consistent best-in-class throughput from sub-1B to 30B parameter models. These results establish Apple Silicon as a more capable inference platform than previously reported, with direct implications for the emerging edge inference paradigm: as privacy requirements, latency constraints, and cloud cost pressures drive inference toward on-device deployment, performance-optimised local runtimes are a critical enabling layer for this transition. BaseRT is publicly available at https://github.com/basecompute/baseRT

Prabod Rathnayaka, Fabian Waschkowski, Lukas Wesemann• 2026

Related benchmarks

TaskDatasetResultRank
LLM Prefill ThroughputLLM Prompt Length 128 (pp128)
Throughput (tok/s)4.33e+3
48
LLM Prefill ThroughputLLM Prompt Length 256 (pp256)
Prefill Throughput (tok/s)4.50e+3
48
LLM Prefill ThroughputLLM Prompt Length 512 (pp512)
Throughput (tok/s)4.69e+3
48
LLM Prefill ThroughputLLM Prompt Length 1024
Prefill Throughput (tok/s)4.40e+3
36
LLM Prefill ThroughputLLM Prompt Length 2048 (pp2048)
Prefill Throughput (tok/s)3.68e+3
36
LLM Decode ThroughputApple M3 base tg128 (test)
Throughput (tok/s)223
22
LLM Decoding ThroughputApple M4 Pro tg128
Throughput (tokens/s)465
12
Decode ThroughputQwen3-0.6B
Throughput (tok/s)464.5
6
Decode ThroughputLlama 3.2 1B
Throughput (TOK/s)295.4
6
Decode ThroughputLLaMA 3B 3.2
Throughput (tok/s)117.3
6
Showing 10 of 13 rows

Other info

Follow for update